How Does Cyclophosphamide Work?
Cyclophosphamide is part of a group of medications called alkylating agents. Cyclophosphamide itself is not active against cancer, but it is metabolized by the liver into its active form. The active form causes "cross-linking" of DNA cells. When DNA is cross-linked, it can no longer function properly. Since DNA is essential for cells to grow and multiply, alkylating medications prevent cell growth and multiplication and may cause cell death.
While cyclophosphamide can kill both healthy and cancerous cells, it has a greater effect on cells that are multiplying rapidly. Generally, cancer cells multiply more rapidly than healthy cells and are, therefore, more affected by cyclophosphamide.
Cyclophosphamide also suppresses the immune system, which is probably how it works to treat nephrotic syndrome.
When and How to Take Cyclophosphamide
Some general considerations for when and how to take cyclophosphamide include:
- Cyclophosphamide comes in two forms: a tablet that is taken by mouth and an injection given through an IV. Some people take cyclophosphamide every day, while others take it intermittently.
- Try to take cyclophosphamide tablets on an empty stomach if possible. If the drug upsets your stomach too much, try taking it with food.
- In general, it is usually best to take cyclophosphamide tablets in the morning or afternoon. Taking them at night may increase your risk of bladder damage. Your healthcare provider may also recommend drinking large amounts of water to flush your bladder out and protect it from damage.
- For the injectable form, most people receive their cyclophosphamide injection at a healthcare provider's office, a hospital, or an "infusion center."
- For the medication to work properly, it must be taken as prescribed. Cyclophosphamide will not work as well if you stop taking it before your healthcare provider recommends.
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